‘Frankly, He Has Been Killed’: Angry Scholars From UK’s Top Academics’ Union Blame Jason Arday’s Death on Racist Mob, as ‘Race Realist’ Who Ignited the Firestorm Is Suspended

As anger grows among the left over the apparent suicide last week of former Cambridge professor Jason Arday, an influential band of activists within Great Britain’s largest academics’ union is moving to fuel that raw sentiment into action. These academics—from the University and College Union—want to shield other black academics from scrutiny from what they view as a racist, right-wing conspiracy.

The post ‘Frankly, He Has Been Killed’: Angry Scholars From UK’s Top Academics’ Union Blame Jason Arday’s Death on Racist Mob, as ‘Race Realist’ Who Ignited the Firestorm Is Suspended appeared first on .

The truth did not kill Jason Arday



I wanted a reckoning. I did not want Jason Arday dead.

Three days before he was found dead at his London home last week, I published a column entertaining what I admitted was a mischievous theory: Maybe the disgraced Cambridge professor was not merely a fraud but a world-class trickster who understood liberal institutions well enough to play their racial and ideological anxieties for all they were worth.

Maybe the cruelty was not that somebody finally checked. Maybe the cruelty was that almost nobody checked sooner.

I hoped someday he would confess. I even had the title of the book I wanted him to write: “I Thought You’d Believe Me.”

I wanted that book. I did not want an obituary.

Graeme Wood, writing this week in the Atlantic, makes a persuasive case that my trickster theory was a tad too generous. Arday apparently did not respond to exposure with the wink of a con man finally caught. He insisted he was not a liar. Wood reaches for Henrik Ibsen’s “The Wild Duck and its livsløgn — the “life-lie,” a sustaining self-delusion that eventually becomes impossible to let go.

Maybe that’s closer to what happened. We’ll likely never know.

What we do know is that Arday lied. A lot. His public biography accumulated claims about academic appointments, fundraising, extraordinary athletic feats, and racist attacks that proved false, dubious, or impossible to verify. His scholarship contained extensive passages alleged to have been lifted from the work of less prominent academics. Cambridge ultimately opened investigations into his academic work and qualifications and, after his resignation, agreed to an independent inquiry into his appointment.

Enough of these lies!

That includes the lie now being told about the people who exposed them.

The fraud Ibram X. Kendi titled his response “The Media Lynched Jason Arday.” He says journalists have blood on their hands and treats Cambridge’s decision to investigate Arday as an abandonment of a prominent black scholar under racial attack. Wrong.

A lynching is not a metaphor for journalism you dislike. Reporting true and newsworthy facts does not become murder because the subject later dies.

What, exactly, should reporters have refused to investigate? The dissertation? The nonexistent appointments? The millions supposedly raised for charity? The 30 marathons in 35 days? The stories of racist attacks? The memoir?

RELATED: 5-star reviews for a fabulist memoir

Denise Baker/Getty Images

Precisely which question was forbidden?

Thousands gathered in Trafalgar Square on Monday to mourn Arday. The grief was real. So was the anger at the press and at Nathan Cofnas, the academic whose investigation of Arday’s work helped start the avalanche. Cofnas has controversial views about race. So what? If he found copied work, the relevant question is whether the work was copied. His politics cannot restore originality to somebody else’s prose.

This is how the evasion works: Stop talking about the evidence and start talking about the man who found it.

Now comes the possibility of “Arday’s Law.” A petition circulating in Britain actually proposes legislation limiting how many articles may be published about one individual within a given period, on the theory that excessive coverage causes mental anguish. It had garnered more than 3,500 verified signatures as of Wednesday.

The answer to too much journalism, apparently, is a government quota on journalism.

I sometimes fear Britain is lost. Thank God for the First Amendment!

This idea did not appear from nowhere. We have spent years teaching people that speech itself can constitute harm and that institutions therefore have a duty to build ever-safer spaces around anyone who might be harmed by it.

But no space is ever safe enough.

Once speech becomes violence, censorship becomes “care.” Eventually, as we’ve seen, the safe-space logic escapes the campus. A reporter asks too many questions. Too many newspapers publish the answers. Somebody suffers. Therefore, the state must decide when everybody has said enough. No thanks.

RELATED: No, the founders did not ‘tell you so’

Guy Smallman/Getty Images

That is not “liberalism.” Liberalism properly understood demands something harder: accepting that free speech can be intrusive, offensive, unfair, and occasionally cruel while recognizing that giving government power to decide when enough has been said is much worse.

If we want to talk about who failed Jason Arday, look first at the institutions that elevated him.

Graeme Wood’s harshest argument is also his most compelling. Arday was placed in a position for which the evidence increasingly suggests he was nowhere near prepared, while colleagues and institutions such as Cambridge, the BBC, and Simon and Schuster amplified an extraordinary biography instead of bothering to check it. Eventually somebody was going to notice.

Maybe the cruelty was not that somebody finally checked. Maybe the cruelty was that almost nobody checked sooner.

After I learned that Arday had been found dead, I wrote one of my writers: Hubris met Nemesis. And the outcome was invariably the same.

That does not mean Arday got what he deserved. Quite the opposite. Nemesis in tragedy is not proportional justice. It is catastrophe. Recognition comes too late, the machinery is already moving, and the ending is worse than anyone wanted.

Arday’s family and friends deserve compassion. His kids especially. They lost someone they loved.

But compassion does not require one more lie.

Death does not authenticate a false claim. It does not make plagiarism original. And if Arday took his own life, suicide does not retroactively turn reporters into murderers.

The tragedy is terrible enough. Don’t lie about that, too.

Jason Arday Won’t Be The Last Time DEI Gets Someone Killed

It’s not a leap of any kind to say that the left’s DEI devotion is what killed Jason Arday, the Cambridge University professor who was found dead last week after international scrutiny of his professional work (plagiarism) and fantastical personal biography (fraud). But if there was any hope that his apparent suicide would be a […]

Fallen Cambridge Star Jason Arday’s ‘True Life’ Memoir Appears To Poach Life Events From His Favorite Soap Operas, ‘Spartacus,’ and ‘Forrest Gump’

Jason Arday, who resigned from Cambridge last week amid accusations of academic plagiarism and serial fabulism, still became a published Simon & Schuster author this week after the publishing giant released his memoir. The book was meant to inspire readers—and stir profit—through Arday's remarkable life story. But despite targeted 11th-hour editing, the memoir is rife with melodramatic biographical claims that bear remarkable similarity to storylines from Arday's favorite low-brow soap operas, other TV dramas, the Rocky movie franchise, and movies such as Forrest Gump.

The post Fallen Cambridge Star Jason Arday’s ‘True Life’ Memoir Appears To Poach Life Events From His Favorite Soap Operas, ‘Spartacus,’ and ‘Forrest Gump’ appeared first on .

Jason Arday Resigns from Cambridge: Star Professor Hade Made Shocking Claims About Pigs’ Heads, Stalker and Racist Death Threats, With No Evidence To Support Them

Celebrity Cambridge professor Jason Arday—in a speech given a year ago—made a series of lurid and macabre claims about threats made to him and his family, including "pigs' heads in my parents' door." But a year later, with Arday now fighting accusations of rampant plagiarism and lies about his life story, there's no evidence police investigated these threats or that the threats even existed, based on records searches, recent news reporting, and a document obtained via a freedom-of-information request and viewed by the Washington Free Beacon.

The post Jason Arday Resigns from Cambridge: Star Professor Hade Made Shocking Claims About Pigs’ Heads, Stalker and Racist Death Threats, With No Evidence To Support Them appeared first on .

Cambridge star Jason Arday was the perfect DEI success story. Is that why nobody questioned him?



The youngest black professor in Cambridge University's 800-year history is under attack.

At least that's what some of Britain's most prominent academics, politicians, and racial activists would like you to believe.

Anyone curious about why the allegations refuse to disappear can examine some of the evidence for himself.

“Rightwing newspapers are trying to smear him with fake accusations of plagiarism,” declares a petition organized by the Good Law Project. “We can't let them.”

The letter describes the allegations against Jason Arday as “entirely false” and repeatedly calls them “baseless,” while warning that continued scrutiny of the Cambridge professor sends a dangerous message to “aspiring Black and Brown young people.”

Among the signatories are members of Parliament, peers, professors, the leader and deputy leader of Britain’s Green Party, a Black Lives Matter organizer, and, perhaps most remarkably, the master of Arday’s own Jesus College at Cambridge.

These are educated people, so presumably they know what “baseless” means.

An accusation is baseless when there is no factual basis for making it. Whatever else can be said about the allegations against Arday, that plainly isn't true.

Researchers didn't simply announce that they suspected him of plagiarism. They produced side-by-side comparisons identifying extensive passages in Arday's academic work that appeared identical or strikingly similar to previously published scholarship. Universities and journals subsequently investigated those allegations and declined to find intentional misconduct.

That is evidence that Arday may have been wrongly accused of plagiarism. It does not magically erase the evidence that prompted the accusations — the basis for these accusations, if you will.

'Unlikely story'

Arday himself has acknowledged errors in his academic work while denying deliberate plagiarism. As questions have spread from his scholarship to the extraordinary claims in his biography, he has offered a simple defense: “Nobody lives their life having a receipt for every single thing they say or they’ve done.”

Fair enough. But few people have a résumé quite like Jason Arday’s.

A man who couldn't read until he was 18 goes on to earn a doctorate and become a professor at Cambridge University. Along the way, he runs 30 marathons in 35 days, the final nine with a broken leg. He raises £5.5 million for charity. He runs 600 miles in six days. He survives a brain tumor. He plays semi-professional football. He appears as a child on a celebrated television documentary series.

Even the Guardian, in a glowing 2023 profile, called Arday’s biography “an unlikely story.”

In retrospect it does sound a little too good to be true.

But then came the details that turned an old-fashioned inspirational story into something considerably more valuable in our DEI-obsessed era: Arday achieved all of this while overcoming poverty, autism, and the disadvantages of growing up black, the son of Ghanaian immigrants, on a council estate in south London.

Now it was too good not to be true.

No fact-checking, please

And therein lies the problem.

Arday wasn't merely an extraordinarily accomplished man. He embodied a story that Britain's academic and media establishment desperately wanted to tell: about race, class, disability, perseverance, and the institutions enlightened enough to recognize his brilliance.

Once enough people had invested in that story, questioning it meant questioning considerably more than Jason Arday. What would once have been called fact-checking now required something closer to apostasy: risking running afoul of elite culture's modish yet already entrenched creed about race, adversity, and its own enlightened virtue.

The moratorium on skepticism now appears to be over. One of the peculiarities of groupthink is how quickly it can run in reverse: once somebody finally pulls the first thread, everyone else suddenly becomes quite eager to participate in the unraveling.

The plagiarism allegations came first. Then journalists began attempting to confirm the extraordinary athletic and charitable claims that had been repeated for years. Arday acknowledged that his supposed 600-mile run took 12 days, not six, and that he had not personally raised £5.5 million for charity but had participated in a fundraising syndicate of around 100 people.

Who were the other 99?

Arday says he can't name them because he signed a non-disclosure agreement.

Run, Forrest, run

Then there's Arday's Forrest Gump-like brush with British television history.

During a 2022 talk, Arday recalled appearing as a child on "Seven Up," the landmark British documentary project that began following a group of 7-year-olds and returned to them every seven years. Arday said he participated at 7 and was removed from the project at 14.

There's a problem.

"Seven Up" first aired in 1964. Its subjects were born in 1957. Arday was born in 1985.

The BBC later produced a similar series called "Up: Millennium Generation," but that began in 2000, when Arday was 15. The BBC says he wasn't in that one either.

His academic résumé reveals similar discrepancies.

Arday's official Jesus College biography lists him as a visiting professor at both the University of Glasgow and Ohio State University.

The University of Glasgow now says that isn't true.

“I can confirm that Professor Arday isn't a visiting professor at the University of Glasgow,” a spokesman told the Herald. Asked whether he had ever held the position, the university was even more categorical: he “was never a visiting professor here.”

The confusion is easy to understand. Arday really was a professor at the University of Glasgow's School of Education beginning in 2021 before leaving for Cambridge in 2023. Somewhere along the way, however, that former professorship appears to have been transformed into an ongoing visiting one.

Ohio State says it has "no record of an employee by that name." Arday's profile specifically places him in Ohio State's Office of Diversity and Inclusion, which closed last year.

Paper trail

And then there is the matter that started all of this: the plagiarism allegations.

As his defenders are eager to point out, Arday has already been investigated and cleared of deliberate academic misconduct. But anyone curious about why the allegations refuse to disappear can examine some of the evidence for himself.

As far back as 2023, David Harris, professor emeritus at Plymouth Marjon University, had raised concerns with Cambridge about Arday's published work; three of Arday's papers were subsequently corrected.

Then on July 21 of this year, former Cambridge academic Nathan Cofnas claimed on his Substack that he ran Arday's doctoral thesis through plagiarism-detection software and found passages “lifted with minimal editing.” The Telegraph followed with its own reporting, identifying more than 100 passages similar to an earlier doctoral thesis by Paula Zwozdiak-Myers.

Cambridge responded by denouncing what it called a “vile campaign to undermine his credibility.” Even the Guardian acknowledged that the controversial racial views of Harris and Cofnas “appeared to inform Cambridge's response.”

And there, in miniature, is part of the problem. The evidence could no longer be separated from the supposedly disreputable people who had found it. Asking whether passages had been copied became entangled with asking why these particular men wanted to know.

Receipts, please

As for Arday, he denies deliberately plagiarizing anyone and has attributed some of the problems with his work to his autism. He says his way of making sense of information has relied heavily on mimicry.

"I can't make people believe me," he recently told the Times. "Nobody lives their life having a receipt for every single thing they say or they've done."

Certainly not.

But nobody is asking Arday for documentary evidence of what he had for lunch on his 23rd birthday.

Professorships, multimillion-pound charity drives, near-record-breaking athletic achievements, television appearances, and published academic scholarship are precisely the sorts of things that tend to leave receipts.

So do police investigations. Arday previously said that a pig's head was delivered to his parents' home as part of a campaign of racial intimidation. He said police investigated and even located a butcher who had sold a whole hog on the morning of the incident.

This time it was the Guardian — three years after publishing one of the glowing profiles that helped establish the Arday legend — that started asking questions.

The Metropolitan Police could find no record of the investigation Arday described. The butcher reportedly identified in his account denied that police had visited.

RELATED: The Godfather

Peter Gietl

Don't ask

Timing is everything. Had the Guardian gone after Arday any earlier, it may have run into the resistance Times Higher Education reporter Jack Grove faced.

In late 2025, Grove began looking into Arday after academics alerted him to apparent plagiarism. He emailed Arday, Cambridge, and Liverpool John Moores with questions about the thesis and Arday's extraordinary fundraising and endurance-running claims.

For this, Grove ended up under investigation by Scotland Yard.

Police spent four months investigating a harassment complaint before closing the case without taking action. Grove wasn't interviewed. In fact, he says he didn't even know he had been investigated until an officer called to tell him the case had been closed.

The officer nevertheless asked Grove not to contact Arday again because, according to Grove, his questions had affected the professor's mental health.

Arday also hired Carter-Ruck, the famously aggressive British law firm. In a letter to Times Higher Education, it suggested the publication's "apparent attack" on him might be "racially motivated."

Cambridge says it neither made the complaint against Grove nor knew one had been made.

New rules

How did so many extraordinary claims get this far?

Arday's Cambridge professorship was decided by a nine-member Board of Electors chaired by Baroness Sally Morgan, master of Fitzwilliam College and a deputy to Cambridge's vice chancellor. Cambridge says the other members included “distinguished academics from other universities.”

This was the culmination of a rapid ascent through academia, none of which seemed to have questioned any of Arday's claims. Simon & Schuster agreed to publish his memoir, “Great and Unfortunate Things,” under its 37 Ink imprint; it comes out next week. Meanwhile, newspapers such as the Guardian celebrated his glittering career and repeated the extraordinary biography that accompanied it.

By the time Cambridge appointed him, Arday's story had already acquired the reassuring sheen of institutional consensus.

In a new essay entitled “The Racial Crossroads,” Helen Andrews points out that under a sufficiently entrenched ideology, “proficiency in the ruling ideology is a criterion for advancement in any kind of career.”

The Guardian's 2023 profile is especially instructive because it allowed Arday to demonstrate just that proficiency.

Arday said his appointment represented “another strand of Black excellence.” He described Oxford and Cambridge as “thousand-year-old white establishments” and explained the difficulty faced by a person of color who “penetrates those legacy spaces.” Part of his mission at Cambridge was to dismantle its elitism.

You're either cheering Arday on, or you're part of the elitism he has come to dismantle. Once the incentives are made this clear, potential gatekeepers tend to police themselves. A sufficiently confident newcomer need only learn which doors nobody wants to be seen closing.

With that in mind, a line buried in the Guardian profile reads rather differently now.

“Arday does not view himself as intellectual, necessarily, but as someone who has determination,” the Guardian observed.

Or, as Arday himself put it: “If you have the will, it will always supersede skill.”

It's hard to think of a more apt motto for the diversity regime that helped propel Arday to Cambridge.

EXCLUSIVE: We Obtained the Syllabus for Claudine Gay’s New Harvard Course on Higher Education

Harvard students will soon be able to take a class about the meaning of Harvard, which is very Harvard—even more so because the new course will be taught by Claudine Gay, the former university president who resigned in disgrace amid plagiarism accusations and criticism of her response to anti-Semitism on campus.

The post EXCLUSIVE: We Obtained the Syllabus for Claudine Gay’s New Harvard Course on Higher Education appeared first on .

Harvard dishonesty expert stripped of tenure and fired over alleged data falsification, rampant plagiarism



Harvard University has many problems these days, but one of the biggest still appears to be academic dishonesty.

Francesca Gino — a professor of business administration who has long studied the psychology of organizations, dishonesty, and how people justify unethical behavior — was called out in 2021 for alleged data falsification, then later for apparent plagiarism. Her years-long fight to keep her job appears to have come to an end.

The Harvard Corporation, the university's governing board, decided earlier this month to both revoke the prominent professor's tenure and give her the boot.

The revocation of Gino's tenure — which was first reported by the public radio station GBH, then confirmed to the Harvard Crimson by a university spokesperson — appears to be the first time that the university has stripped an instructor of tenure since at least the 1940s.

In 2021, business professors Uri Simonsohn, Leif Nelson, and Joseph Simmons — all affiliated with other universities — and anonymous researchers began exposing Gino's apparent academic dishonesty on the blog Data Colada, highlighting "evidence of fraud in papers spanning over a decade," as well as in papers as recent as 2020.

The Data Colada sleuths shared their findings with Harvard Business School in October 2021. The university launched an 18-month probe shortly thereafter.

According to the investigation completed by the Harvard Business School in 2023, Gino, a professor at the university for over a decade, "committed research misconduct intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly."

In 2023, several of Gino's papers were retracted and slapped with notices indicating that HBS' investigation found "discrepancies" between her records and the published data, reported Science.

'Some passages duplicate text from news reports or blogs.'

Gino reportedly tried passing the discrepancies off as errors made by her research assistants. She also suggested that someone might have been trying to sabotage her. The university investigators did not buy what Gino was selling.

The HBS noted that Gino's "repeated and strenuous argument for a scenario of data falsification by bad actors across four different studies, an argument we find to be highly implausible, leads us to doubt the credibility of her written and oral statements to this committee more generally."

RELATED: Kristi Noem’s bombshell letter hits Harvard where it hurts

Photo by Zhu Ziyu/VCG via Getty Images

The university investigators concluded that the dishonesty professor had "engaged in multiple instances of research misconduct, across all four studies at issue."

After Gino was placed on unpaid administrative leave and barred from campus in June 2023, Simonsohn, Nelson, and Simmons indicated that they found additional papers Gino had authored that allegedly contained fraudulent data.

Besides churning out apparent fakeries, it turns out Gino was also apparently appropriating other people's writing and ideas and passing them off as her own.

After Gino sued Harvard and Data Colada for defamation, claiming she had "never falsified or fabricated data," University of Montreal psychologist Erinn Acland took a closer look at the Harvard professor's writing, comparing Gino's work on Google Scholar against other works.

Acland told Science that she immediately found plagiarism, noting that the first sentence of a 2016 chapter Gino had written about dishonesty was lifted "word for word" from a 2010 paper.

Science confirmed Acland's findings and found at least 15 additional passages of plagiarized text in two of Gino's books.

"Some passages duplicate text from news reports or blogs. Others contain phrasing identical to passages from academic literature," reported Science. "The extent of duplication varies between passages, but all contain multiple identical phrases, as well as clear paraphrases and significant structural similarity."

While a federal judge dismissed Gino's defamation claims against Harvard and Data Colada, U.S. District Court Judge Myong Joun reportedly enabled her breach of contract claim to move forward.

RELATED: Harvard president Claudine Gay resigns in disgrace, paints herself as a victim of 'racial animus'

Former Harvard University president Claudine Gay. Photo by Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images

Gino is hardly the first big name at Harvard University outed for academic dishonesty.

Claudine Gay resigned her post in disgrace as Harvard's 30th president on Jan. 2, 2024, after nearly 50 complaints had been filed against her implicating seven of her 17 published works, including her 1997 doctoral thesis.

That same month, Sherri Ann Charleston, the university's chief diversity and inclusion officer, was slapped with a complaint identifying 40 examples of alleged plagiarism in two of her academic works, including her 2009 dissertation.

Harvard Medical School assistant professor Dipak Panigrahy was accused of plagiarism in April 2024 by a federal judge, reported the New York Post.

U.S. District Court Judge Roy Dalton Jr. granted a motion to toss a report submitted by Panigrahy as evidence in a class action case against Lockheed Martin, stating, "The plagiarism is so ubiquitous throughout the report that it is frankly overwhelming to try to make heads or tails of just what is Dr. Panigrahy’s own work."

Blaze News previously reported that four research scientists with faculty appointments at Harvard Medical School — Laurie Glimcher, William Hahn, Irene Ghobrial, and Kenneth Anderson — were accused last year of manipulating data in their published research.

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Led Zeppelin: Innovators more than imitators



NOTE: This article responds to John Mac Ghlionn's "Rock gods or riff thieves?" which you can read here.

For all the plagiarism accusations against Led Zeppelin — and many are valid — the vast majority of the band's greatest songs are truly original.

"Kashmir." "Ten Years Gone." "In the Light." "Ramble On." "Good Times Bad Times." "Heartbreaker." "What Is and What Should Never Be." "Black Dog." "Rock and Roll." "Celebration Day." "The Song Remains the Same." "The Rain Song." "No Quarter." "Dancing Days." "Over the Hills and Far Away." "Immigrant Song." "The Ocean." "Trampled Under Foot." "Achilles Last Stand." "In the Evening." "Fool in the Rain." So many.

Did Spirit borrow from Davey Graham for 'Taurus'? As Page and Plant testified, memories of that time tend to be a little fuzzy.

What's more, the ones they nicked are far superior to the originals for the most part. It's too bad, really, because the band could have leaned into their obvious skills and creativity a bit more and avoided the lion's share of plagiarism chatter, but they didn't — mostly in the first several years of their existence.

Why? Who knows. Record company pressure, deadlines. It's an old story. Plus, they paid for it with lawsuits filed by a few of the original artists, and rightfully so.

A YouTuber has made a three-part series examining these plagiarism accusations in depth, and they're pretty eye-opening.

Is the band guilty? For the most part, I would say yes. But as I noted previously, listening to Led Zeppelin tunes back-to-back with the original recordings only underscores how much better Zeppelin's versions are, for the most part. That speaks to the band's enduring talent and ability to create musical magic, both in the studio and onstage.

In addition, some plagiarism charges against Zeppelin are fairly nuanced.

For instance, when the band recorded "Whole Lotta Love," the music was quite original, and singer Robert Plant was at fault only for lifting Wille Dixon's "You Need Love" lyrics. Guitarist and elder statesman of the group Jimmy Page would have known the words to this future worldwide hit were plagiarized but apparently didn't step in.

However, while Dixon sued Zeppelin in 1985, it wasn't the first time Dixon's "You Need Love" was copied. Long before Zeppelin committed their sophomore album to tape, Small Faces (and singer Steve Marriott) recorded "You Need Loving" — a blatant Willie Dixon "You Need Love" rip-off.

Not only that, a cursory listen to the Small Faces version makes it pretty clear that Plant copied Marriott's vocal delivery for "Whole Lotta Love." But Dixon didn't sue Small Faces; he sued Zeppelin, even though Zeppelin weren't the first offenders. I guess that's understandable, as Zeppelin had far deeper pockets.

And a final word on "Stairway to Heaven" — a song, by the way, that a 2016 court decision (upheld in 2020) ruled Led Zeppelin hadn't plagiarized.

As with "Whole Lotta Love," Zeppelin is not the only would-be culprit. How many music fans out there know that British guitarist Davey Graham wrote a tune predating both "Stairway to Heaven" and "Taurus" called "Cry Me a River" — a song that contains a similar descending acoustic guitar figure?

Did Spirit borrow from Davey Graham for "Taurus"? As Page and Plant testified, memories of that time tend to be a little fuzzy.

Finally, consider the "evidence" compiled by a Dutch TV show demonstrating how prevalent the main riff of "Stairway to Heaven" has been in popular music over the years.

You be the judge.